The separation of light into colors by a prism.
Rayleigh scattering (Why the sky is blue, sunsets are red, clouds are white, and associated phenomena).Pleochroism gems or crystals which seem many-colored.Fluorescence, also called luminescence or photoluminescence.Diffraction, the apparent bending and spreading of light waves when they meet an obstruction.Chatoyancy, cat's eye gems such as chrysoberyl cat's eye or aquamarine cat's eye.Aventurescence, also called the Schiller effect, spangled gems such as aventurine quartz and sunstone.Aura, a phenomenon in which gas or dust surrounding an object luminesces or reflects light from the object.Asterism, star gems such as star sapphire or star ruby.Heiligenschein or halo effect, partly caused by the Opposition effect.Halos, of Sun or Moon, including sun dogs.Glories (also known as Brocken's Specter or Specter of the Brocken).Auroral light (northern and southern lights, aurora borealis and aurora australis).Alexander's band, the dark region between the two bows of a double rainbow.Some optical illusions can be explained as observations of unusual optical phenomena. The colors generated by a prism are often shown in classrooms for instance.Įntopic phenomena include optical phenomena arising from the structures of the eye. Other phenomena are simply interesting aspects of optics, or optical effects. Some, such as instances of Fata morgana, are commonplace only in certain locations. Others, such as the green flash, are rare due to atmospheric conditions. One common example would be the rainbow, when light from the sun is reflected off water droplets in rain as it falls to the ground. See also list of optical topics and optics.Ĭommon optical phenomena are often due to the interaction of light from the sun or moon with the atmosphere, clouds, water, or dust and other particulates. An optical phenomenon is any observable event which results from the interaction of light and matter.
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